Many planets might be born with orbits misaligned from the spin of their stars

Nature, Published online: 13 August 2025; doi:10.1038/d41586-025-02536-4

An analysis of the geometry of young Sun-like stars with planet-forming disks, measured by ground- and space-based observatories, shows that at least one-third of disks are misaligned with the spin of their central star. This distribution of star–disk configurations seeds the later diversity of planetary system architectures.